Experimental Investigation of Thermal Runaway Behavior and Hazards of a 1440 Ah LiFePO4 Battery Pack

The thermal runaway (TR) behavior and combustion hazards of lithium-ion battery (LIB) packs directly determine the implementation firefighting flame-retardants in energy storage systems. This work studied TR propagation process dangers large-scale LIB by experimental methods. pack consisted twenty-four 60 Ah (192 Wh) LIBs with LiFePO4 (LFP) as cathode material. Flame performance, temperature, smoke production, heat release rate (HRR), mass loss were analyzed during experiment. results indicated that developed from outside to inside middle both sides. development could be divided into five stages corresponding HRR peaks. In initial stages, main factor causing LFP under heating conditions was external source. With TR, conduction between batteries became factor. Hazard analysis found HRRmax 314 KW, more than eight times a single conditions. had higher normalized THR (6.94 g/Ah 187 KJ/Ah, respectively) battery. study provides reference for developing strategies address or